{"id":15641,"date":"2025-12-20T18:01:23","date_gmt":"2025-12-20T23:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/congenital-aortic-stenosis\/"},"modified":"2025-12-21T15:00:00","modified_gmt":"2025-12-21T20:00:00","slug":"congenital-aortic-stenosis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/congenital-aortic-stenosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Congenital Aortic Stenosis"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"15641\" class=\"elementor elementor-15641 elementor-15626\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fb9dedb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fb9dedb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-088fd76\" data-id=\"088fd76\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26379fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26379fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Congenital Aortic Stenosis<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dd6986 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"1dd6986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-6610920 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/author\/icardio\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__item-prefix\">\u00c9crit par<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ticardio\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-a890a19 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/2025\/12\/20\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__item-prefix\">Publi\u00e9 le <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>20 December 2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cc21ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-breadcrumb\" data-id=\"4cc21ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-breadcrumb.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><ol class=\"ekit-breadcrumb\"><li class=\"ekit_breadcrumbs_start\"><a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/\">Home<\/a><\/li> <li class=\"brd_sep\"> &raquo; <\/li> <li><a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/category\/congenital-diseases\/\">Congenital diseases<\/a><\/li> <li class=\"brd_sep\"> &raquo; <\/li>  <li>Congenital Aortic Stenosis<\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d446bdb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d446bdb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-54eda83\" data-id=\"54eda83\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2caa6b47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2caa6b47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-bebe.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-15642\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-bebe.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-bebe-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-bebe-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-bebe-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86944b3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"86944b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bc77a4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1bc77a4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e712dd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e712dd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Congenital aortic stenosis refers to a narrowing of the aortic valve that is present from birth. The degree of narrowing varies from one person to another and determines both the frequency of follow-up and the available treatment options.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-054187d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"054187d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60da291 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60da291\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a2694d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0a2694d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What Is It?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74f0e83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74f0e83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The aortic valve acts as the heart\u2019s exit door. It opens to allow blood to leave the left ventricle and enter the aorta, the large artery responsible for distributing oxygenated blood throughout the body. When this opening is too narrow, the heart must work harder to push blood forward.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e1c84d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2e1c84d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a0b5a3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5a0b5a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64b7912 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"64b7912\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"674\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Valve-aortic-et-pum-ENG.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3628\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Valve-aortic-et-pum-ENG.jpg 674w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Valve-aortic-et-pum-ENG-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 674px) 100vw, 674px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3254558 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3254558\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8082c5f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8082c5f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10291d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"10291d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Opening and Closing the Aortic Valve<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dd68ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6dd68ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The heart functions in a cycle made up of two phases: a filling phase, during which the heart muscle relaxes, and a contraction phase, during which it ejects blood.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afa19fa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"afa19fa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95bb2d8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"95bb2d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d1ba7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d1ba7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When the left ventricle contracts and the pressure inside the heart exceeds that of the aorta, the aortic valve opens, allowing blood to be expelled into the artery.<\/p><p>Once this task is completed, the heart relaxes and enters its resting phase. The blood within the aorta then naturally tends to flow back toward the ventricle as pressure falls. This movement causes the leaflets of the aortic valve to close immediately, preventing blood from flowing back into the heart.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41f6446 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41f6446\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbc3db6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"cbc3db6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/7_luYvqmsAU?si=ZoUu4QdPXETyJmzI&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab15785 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ab15785\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95d756d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"95d756d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae3044 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ae3044\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This mechanism can be visualized as inverted parachutes that deploy to block backward flow.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc38650 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc38650\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a5626b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7a5626b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"147\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Les-4-valves-du-coeur-2-300x147.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-2555\" alt=\"Les 4 valves du c\u0153ur\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Les-4-valves-du-coeur-2-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Les-4-valves-du-coeur-2.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03f9af8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"03f9af8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3956ae8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3956ae8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e48334 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9e48334\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Narrowing of the Aortic Valve<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5983a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5983a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When the valve opening is too narrow, the heart must work harder to maintain adequate blood circulation. Over time, this extra effort can lead to fatigue of the heart muscle.<\/p><p>The narrowing may be <strong>mild, moderate, or severe,<\/strong> depending on the structure of the valve and the resistance it creates to blood flow.<\/p><p>In congenital forms, the abnormality is <strong>present at birth<\/strong> and results from altered valve development during fetal life. Symptoms may appear very early, or conversely, remain silent for many years, depending on the severity of the narrowing.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00f8c54 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"00f8c54\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86e5fbd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"86e5fbd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5832aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d5832aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Most Common Abnormality<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92f617b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"92f617b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40fb975 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"40fb975\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ba6f4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9ba6f4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The most common congenital malformation of the aortic valve is the <strong>bicuspid aortic valve<\/strong>, meaning a valve made up of two leaflets instead of the usual three.<br \/>It affects approximately <strong>2% of the population<\/strong>.<\/p><p><strong>To read:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/aortic-bicuspid-valve-medica-point-of-view\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>Aortic Bicuspid Valve<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08f10a2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"08f10a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff3428d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ff3428d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/bicuspide-ENG-300x250.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8624\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/bicuspide-ENG-300x250.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/bicuspide-ENG.png 639w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13d8372 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"13d8372\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58e3549 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"58e3549\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8531ad9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8531ad9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In some individuals, the valve may even have <strong>only a single<\/strong> leaflet; this is referred to as a <strong>unicuspid valve<\/strong>.<br \/>A bicuspid or unicuspid valve is not necessarily narrowed at birth, but it <strong>tends to thicken and calcify over time<\/strong>, which can gradually lead to aortic stenosis.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-289bba9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"289bba9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-536f5a7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"536f5a7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab67684 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab67684\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Other Possible Locations of the Narrowing<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c653487 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c653487\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In some cases, the obstruction is <strong>not located at the valve itself<\/strong>, but rather just <strong>below or above<\/strong> it.<\/p><p><strong>Below the valve (subaortic stenosis):<\/strong><br \/>Some individuals are born with a ridge or ring of tissue just beneath the aortic valve. This structure can interfere with blood flow when the heart contracts. The degree of obstruction may range from mild to severe, depending on the size of the abnormality.<\/p><p><strong>Above the valve (supravalvular stenosis):<\/strong><br \/>This form is much rarer and is often associated with specific genetic syndromes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83700d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b83700d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14fca0c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"14fca0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51e6e1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51e6e1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prenatal Diagnosis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68390c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68390c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When aortic stenosis is severe, it can sometimes be detected before birth during routine fetal ultrasound examinations.<br \/>Certain findings may raise suspicion, such as:<\/p><ul><li>a <strong>dilated or thickened left ventricle<\/strong>,<\/li><li><strong>limited movement<\/strong> of the aortic valve leaflets,<\/li><li>or <strong>abnormal blood flow<\/strong> across the valve.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>In such situations, the physician may recommend a <strong>specialized fetal echocardiogram<\/strong>, performed by a team experienced in prenatal cardiology.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec4e44a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec4e44a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6fad17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f6fad17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"597\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/echofoetal.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7374\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/echofoetal.jpg 844w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/echofoetal-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/echofoetal-768x573.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9b8c08 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e9b8c08\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5fcbed e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c5fcbed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d781708 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d781708\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why This Diagnosis Is Important<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab229f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab229f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A diagnosis made before birth makes it possible to:<\/p><ul><li><strong>plan delivery<\/strong> in a center with access to a pediatric cardiology team;<\/li><li><strong>prepare for early intervention<\/strong> if the stenosis is considered critical at birth;<\/li><li><strong>inform and support parents<\/strong> by explaining the expected outlook and the steps of follow-up care.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-336a035 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"336a035\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79e2a96 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"79e2a96\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8556439 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8556439\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Particular Features of Fetal Circulation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e54d0e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e54d0e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>During <strong>fetal life, the lungs are not yet used <\/strong>for breathing. Instead, <strong>the placenta<\/strong> performs all vital exchanges: it supplies oxygen to the baby\u2019s blood and removes carbon dioxide.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94ad1bb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"94ad1bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49ab572 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"49ab572\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44b87c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"44b87c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At this stage, only a small amount of blood is directed to the lungs to allow them to develop. Most of the blood flow <strong>bypasses the lungs through two natural pathways<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li><strong>The foramen ovale<\/strong>, an opening between the two atria of the heart, allows blood to pass directly from the right side to the left without going through the lungs.<\/li><li><strong>The ductus arteriosus<\/strong>, a vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the aorta, provides a second bypass route, allowing additional blood to reach the general circulation without passing through the lungs.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f36025f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f36025f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d7fdb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3d7fdb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Canal-arteriel-ENG-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15648\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Canal-arteriel-ENG-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Canal-arteriel-ENG-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Canal-arteriel-ENG-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Canal-arteriel-ENG.png 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afb9543 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"afb9543\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4009c65 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4009c65\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70de2d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70de2d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>These mechanisms are essential before birth and normally close shortly afterward, once the newborn begins to breathe independently.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65a7f50 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"65a7f50\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1141455 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1141455\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7243840 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7243840\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Birth: A Particularly Critical Period<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bae647 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5bae647\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In cases of <strong>severe aortic stenosis<\/strong>, birth represents a critical moment because the ductus arteriosus usually closes within the first hours of life.<\/p><p>Once this pathway closes, blood must travel exclusively through the normal route\u2014namely through the aortic valve and the ascending aorta. If a significant narrowing is present, the left ventricle must generate a much greater effort to pump blood to the entire body. This can quickly lead to:<\/p><ul><li>a <strong>deterioration in the newborn\u2019s condition<\/strong>, such as pallor, rapid breathing, or low blood pressure;<\/li><li><strong>reduced blood flow to the brain and the rest of the body<\/strong>;<\/li><li>a <strong>risk of acute heart failure<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>For this reason, in severe cases identified before or immediately after birth, a medication called prostaglandin may be administered to<strong> temporarily keep the ductus arteriosus open<\/strong>. This helps stabilize the infant and allows time to plan the appropriate intervention.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48b6983 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"48b6983\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08899e6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"08899e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-183d32b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"183d32b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Detection After Birth<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09aa783 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09aa783\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When congenital aortic stenosis has not been identified before birth, it may become apparent later in life.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec3d71 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ec3d71\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f634e4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1f634e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50b848a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50b848a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>In newborns<\/strong>, a severe form often presents with a heart murmur and may be associated with breathing difficulties, poor skin coloration, or poor feeding.<\/p><p><strong>To read:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/heart-murmur\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em> Heart Murmur<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/p><p>During <strong>childhood or adolescence<\/strong>, the condition is frequently discovered incidentally during a routine medical examination, when the physician detects a heart murmur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-796b0e6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"796b0e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7c1278 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a7c1278\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/stethoscope-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15644\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/stethoscope-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/stethoscope-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/stethoscope-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/stethoscope-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/stethoscope-2048x1366.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32e828d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32e828d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a1cc65 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1a1cc65\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bfa26a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7bfa26a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In adults, the diagnosis is sometimes made later, following the onset of symptoms during physical exertion, during the evaluation of a newly diagnosed arrhythmia, or during a medical examination performed for another reason.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e05a361 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e05a361\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5a3e66 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a5a3e66\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bceb7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9bceb7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Evolution<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a17e013 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a17e013\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The course of congenital aortic stenosis varies depending on its type and severity. Mild narrowings\u2014whether valvular, subvalvular, or supravalvular\u2014may remain stable for many years, and sometimes for an entire lifetime.<\/p><p>When the narrowing is moderate or severe, the left ventricle gradually thickens to compensate for the increased workload, but this adaptive mechanism eventually reaches its limits. In some cases, the narrowing worsens over time or with growth, particularly if calcification develops in the valve or the aortic wall.<\/p><p>Without appropriate management, severe aortic stenosis may lead to heart failure, heart rhythm disturbances, or, more rarely, sudden death.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-310179d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"310179d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af19c93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"af19c93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"220\" height=\"220\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/retrecissement-voies.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5212\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/retrecissement-voies.png 220w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/retrecissement-voies-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71a79ea e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"71a79ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b69e23b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b69e23b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc59bc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cc59bc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Follow Up <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3284549 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3284549\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Congenital aortic stenosis requires <strong>lifelong medical follow-up<\/strong>.<\/p><p>The frequency of follow-up visits depends on the severity of the narrowing. Some patients undergo an <strong>echocardiogram<\/strong> every year, while others may be evaluated every two, three, or even five years, depending on the stability of their condition.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d45a9e0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d45a9e0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d01da8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0d01da8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/suivi-longue-vue-300x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-11384\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/suivi-longue-vue-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/suivi-longue-vue-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/suivi-longue-vue-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/suivi-longue-vue-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/suivi-longue-vue.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f756aa8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f756aa8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9de9c15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9de9c15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd5802c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd5802c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Precautions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b78ca49 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b78ca49\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8120752 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8120752\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d81127 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d81127\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>-Physical Activity<\/strong><\/p><p>In mild forms, most aerobic physical activities\u2014such as walking, cycling, or swimming\u2014are allowed.<br \/>However, when the stenosis is moderate or severe, intense or competitive physical exertion is often discouraged.<\/p><p>Heavy weightlifting should be avoided regardless of severity, due to the potential fragility of the aortic wall. Sustained high-intensity effort may promote premature dilation of the aorta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c52060 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8c52060\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac21495 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ac21495\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-769702a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"769702a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>-Prevention of Valve Infection<\/strong><\/p><p>Prevention of infective endocarditis relies primarily on good oral hygiene and regular dental care, including annual dental visits.<br \/>Preventive antibiotics are no longer routinely required before dental procedures.<\/p><p><strong>To read:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/prevention-of-bacterial-endocarditis\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em> Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2b38bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c2b38bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>-Pregnancy Planning<\/strong><\/p><p>In women, any plan for pregnancy should be discussed in advance with a cardiologist.<br \/>Severe, <strong>uncorrected aortic stenosis<\/strong> represents a <strong>contraindication to pregnancy<\/strong> because of the high risk of complications for both the mother and the baby.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85cf443 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"85cf443\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbb74a4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fbb74a4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a0b260 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a0b260\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>-Family Screening<\/strong><\/p><p>Family screening with echocardiography is recommended only in cases of a <strong>bicuspid aortic valve<\/strong>.<\/p><p>It applies to immediate family members\u2014that is, parents, brothers, and sisters.<\/p><p>No routine screening is recommended for subvalvular or supravalvular forms of aortic stenosis.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9e12af e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d9e12af\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f732b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5f732b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"290\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/genealogie-290x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9612\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/genealogie-290x300.png 290w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/genealogie-991x1024.png 991w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/genealogie-768x793.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/genealogie.png 1239w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5a7006 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d5a7006\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1511be6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1511be6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70b6c16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"70b6c16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Treatment<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a89b559 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a89b559\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Treatment options depend on both the location of the stenosis and its degree of severity.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f5c166 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1f5c166\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62f6dae e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"62f6dae\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-895021e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"895021e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A \u2013 Valvular Forms<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-352212b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"352212b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ae106b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1ae106b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8017c3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8017c3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In <strong>mild to moderate<\/strong> valvular forms, careful medical follow-up is often sufficient for many years.<\/p><p>When the <strong>stenosis becomes importante<\/strong>, <strong>balloon valvuloplasty<\/strong> may be considered in <strong>children or adolescents<\/strong>. This procedure involves <strong>temporarily separating<\/strong> the valve leaflets using a small balloon inflated inside the valve. It can improve blood flow, but its effects are often temporary.<\/p><p>In <strong>adults<\/strong>, this technique is generally<strong> ineffective<\/strong> because the valve is usually too stiff and calcified.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-def7478 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"def7478\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50577cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"50577cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2c6aed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2c6aed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>1-Valve Replacement<\/strong><\/p><p>In adults, <strong>valve replacement<\/strong> often becomes necessary. Several options are available:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Biological valve prosthesis<\/strong>, made from animal tissue<\/li><li><strong>Mechanical valve prosthesis<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Ross procedure<\/strong>, in which the <strong>patient\u2019s own pulmonary valve<\/strong> is used to replace the diseased aortic valve, while the pulmonary valve is then <strong>replaced with a graft<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>The Ross procedure offers the advantage of providing a living valve <strong>that can grow<\/strong> with the child and preserves natural valve function without the need for lifelong anticoagulation. However, it creates <strong>two operated valve sites<\/strong>, which may require future <strong>reintervention<\/strong>, particularly to replace the pulmonary graft.<\/p><p><strong>2-Other Approaches<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)<\/strong>, widely used in older adults, is <strong>rarely indicated in congenital<\/strong> forms of aortic stenosis. The anatomy of congenital valves is often too complex or atypical for this type of procedure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6b0193 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f6b0193\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6d5aae e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d6d5aae\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed645b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ed645b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B \u2013 Subvalvular Forms<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9650687 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9650687\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecee21a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ecee21a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38219e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38219e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For subvalvular aortic stenosis, surgery primarily aims to remove the fibrous membrane or to reshape the left ventricular outflow tract in order to restore normal blood flow.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b628e3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5b628e3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-699ea22 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"699ea22\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33c6b40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"33c6b40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C \u2013 Supravalvular Forms<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2b0218 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c2b0218\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ca10c4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8ca10c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08d6548 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08d6548\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Supravalvular aortic stenosis, which is less common, may require surgical intervention to enlarge the initial portion of the aorta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3504467 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3504467\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4a359d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b4a359d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3242bb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3242bb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Balancing Risks and Benefits<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5517cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5517cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Regardless of the type of stenosis, the decision to proceed with treatment is based on a careful balance between the expected benefits, the risks of the intervention, and the patient\u2019s overall condition. Ongoing follow-up with a cardiologist is essential to determine the most appropriate timing for intervention.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c94beb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8c94beb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ffec2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3ffec2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/calculatrice-1024x660.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-14260\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/calculatrice-1024x660.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/calculatrice-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/calculatrice-768x495.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/calculatrice.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-222e026 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"222e026\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a60aea5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a60aea5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16be5bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"16be5bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In Summary<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1681bbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1681bbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Congenital aortic stenosis may involve the valve itself, the region just below it, or just above it. When the obstruction is severe, it can sometimes be detected before birth, allowing for optimal management from the very first moments of life.<\/p><p>Regular and individualized follow-up is essential to preserve heart function and prevent complications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c59d2a6\" data-id=\"c59d2a6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ec5735 elementor-search-form--skin-classic elementor-search-form--button-type-icon elementor-search-form--icon-search elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6511 elementor-global-3416 elementor-widget-search-form\" data-id=\"5ec5735\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"search-form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<search role=\"search\">\n\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-search-form\" action=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/\" method=\"get\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-search-form__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"elementor-screen-only\" for=\"elementor-search-form-5ec5735\">Search<\/label>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<input id=\"elementor-search-form-5ec5735\" placeholder=\"Search...\" class=\"elementor-search-form__input\" type=\"search\" name=\"s\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type='hidden' name='lang' value='en' \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-search-form__submit\" type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"Search\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-font-icon-svg-container\"><svg class=\"fa fa-search e-font-icon-svg e-fas-search\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/search>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-515dff8d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"515dff8d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-72235494\" data-id=\"72235494\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81fce3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6517 elementor-global-3406 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"81fce3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Share this article<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12eded0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"12eded0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-199f7ba uael-share-buttons--view-text elementor-share-buttons--align-center uael-stylex-inline elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6519 elementor-global-3396 elementor-widget-uael-social-share\" data-id=\"199f7ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;alignment&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:15,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0.75,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;em&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;column_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;em&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;em&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:2,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"uael-social-share.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"uael-style-inline uael-container uael-floating-align-\" data-pin_data_url=\"\" data-share_url_type=\"current_page\" data-share_url=\"\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid uael-floating-align-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFacebook\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTwitter\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLinkedin\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-whatsapp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhatsapp\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-email\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-print\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrint\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a28e6b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a28e6b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-44961b4\" data-id=\"44961b4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4c1be8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6513 elementor-global-3413 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a4c1be8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related articles<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8720d47 elementor-grid-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-left elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6521 elementor-global-3422 elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"8720d47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-8552 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-general-en category-prevention-en tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-2 tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en-3\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/healthy-habits-for-a-healthy-heart-giving-up-smoking\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coeur-melon-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8553\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coeur-melon-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coeur-melon-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coeur-melon-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coeur-melon.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/healthy-habits-for-a-healthy-heart-giving-up-smoking\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tHealthy Habits for a Healthy Heart &#8211; Giving Up Smoking\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t13\/08\/2024\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/healthy-habits-for-a-healthy-heart-giving-up-smoking\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Healthy Habits for a Healthy Heart &#8211; Giving Up Smoking\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-9698 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-general-en category-how-it-works tag-article-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/sinus-tachycardia\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tachycadie-300x150.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9699\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tachycadie-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tachycadie-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tachycadie-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tachycadie.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/sinus-tachycardia\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tSinus Tachycardia\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t21\/11\/2024\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/sinus-tachycardia\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Sinus Tachycardia\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-11854 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-general-en tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/the-vasovagal-syncope\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/coeur-sync-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-11855\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/coeur-sync-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/coeur-sync-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/coeur-sync-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/coeur-sync.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/the-vasovagal-syncope\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tThe vasovagal syncope\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t16\/03\/2025\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/the-vasovagal-syncope\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about The vasovagal syncope\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-246972f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"246972f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-94a8515\" data-id=\"94a8515\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43a10fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6515 elementor-global-3410 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"43a10fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Latest articles<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0844166 elementor-grid-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-left elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6523 elementor-global-3419 elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"0844166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-17024 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-food tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/mustard-salmon-escalope\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-17025\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/mustard-salmon-escalope\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tMustard Salmon Escalope\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t26\/03\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/mustard-salmon-escalope\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Mustard Salmon Escalope\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16985 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-history-of-cardiology tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-17-development-of-coronary-artery-bypass-surgery\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16986\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-17-development-of-coronary-artery-bypass-surgery\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tEpisode 17 &#8211; Development of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t24\/03\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-17-development-of-coronary-artery-bypass-surgery\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Episode 17 &#8211; Development of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16944 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-congenital-diseases tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/atrial-septal-defect-asd\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-300x169.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16945\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-1536x865.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-2048x1154.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/atrial-septal-defect-asd\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tAtrial Septal Defect (ASD)\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t23\/03\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/atrial-septal-defect-asd\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16702 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-maladies-valvulaires-cardiovasculaires tag-articles-mis-de-lavant\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/cardiac-myxoma\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-300x199.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16703\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/cardiac-myxoma\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tCardiac myxoma\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t25\/02\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/cardiac-myxoma\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Cardiac myxoma\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16650 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-arrhythmia category-valvular-cardiovascular-diseases tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/commotio-cordis\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16651\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/commotio-cordis\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tCommotio Cordis\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t24\/02\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/commotio-cordis\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Commotio Cordis\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16612 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-history-of-cardiology tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-16-creation-of-coronary-care-units\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-boite-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16613\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-boite-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-boite-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-boite-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-boite.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-16-creation-of-coronary-care-units\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tEpisode 16 &#8211; Creation of Coronary Care Units\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t23\/02\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-16-creation-of-coronary-care-units\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Episode 16 &#8211; Creation of Coronary Care Units\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Congenital aortic stenosis is a narrowing of the aortic valve that is present at birth. Its severity can range from a condition requiring simple medical follow-up to one that necessitates an intervention.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15642,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-15641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-congenital-diseases","tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15641"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15662,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15641\/revisions\/15662"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}