{"id":15491,"date":"2025-12-02T17:40:40","date_gmt":"2025-12-02T22:40:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/episode-13-first-coronary-angiography\/"},"modified":"2025-12-02T18:33:58","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T23:33:58","slug":"episode-13-first-coronary-angiography","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-13-first-coronary-angiography\/","title":{"rendered":"Episode 13 &#8211; First Coronary Angiography"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"15491\" class=\"elementor elementor-15491 elementor-15479\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fb9dedb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fb9dedb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-088fd76\" data-id=\"088fd76\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26379fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"26379fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Episode 13 &#8211; First Coronary Angiography<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dd6986 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"1dd6986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-6610920 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/author\/icardio\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__item-prefix\">\u00c9crit par<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ticardio\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-a890a19 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/2025\/12\/02\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__item-prefix\">Publi\u00e9 le <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>2 December 2025<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cc21ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-breadcrumb\" data-id=\"4cc21ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-breadcrumb.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><ol class=\"ekit-breadcrumb\"><li class=\"ekit_breadcrumbs_start\"><a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/\">Home<\/a><\/li> <li class=\"brd_sep\"> &raquo; <\/li> <li><a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/category\/history-of-cardiology\/\">History of cardiology<\/a><\/li> <li class=\"brd_sep\"> &raquo; <\/li>  <li>Episode 13 &#8211; First Coronary Angiography<\/li><\/ol><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d446bdb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d446bdb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-54eda83\" data-id=\"54eda83\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2caa6b47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2caa6b47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"801\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-histoire13.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-15492\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-histoire13.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-histoire13-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-histoire13-1024x641.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/coeur-histoire13-768x481.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd5f77f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fd5f77f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a943bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9a943bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6c247e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6c247e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Coronary angiography is an examination that uses a contrast dye visible on X-rays to visualize the arteries of the heart. This technique makes it possible to check for blockages in the coronary arteries and assess their severity.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83700d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b83700d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14fca0c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"14fca0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51e6e1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51e6e1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Before the Era of Coronary Angiography<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68390c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68390c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Until the late 1950s, no one had ever seen the arteries of the heart in a living person.<br \/>The only way to discover a coronary blockage was\u2026 during an autopsy.<br \/>In practice, this helped no one: it was impossible to prevent a heart attack or guide treatment.<\/p><p>Cardiologists knew that coronary artery disease existed \u2014 its symptoms had been described for centuries \u2014 but they were essentially working <strong>in the dark<\/strong>.<\/p><p>No technology allowed them to observe the arteries that supply blood to the heart.<br \/>They could suspect a problem, but never actually see it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d010ab e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5d010ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-200727b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"200727b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8528d9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8528d9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u201cDo NOT inject contrast into the coronaries!\u201d<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5adebc8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5adebc8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50e0613 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"50e0613\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-266a5c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"266a5c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At that time, cardiac catheterization was beginning to develop, but several myths persisted.<br \/>The most widespread belief was that placing a catheter directly into a heart artery \u2014 or worse, injecting contrast dye into it \u2014 would lead to <strong>disastrous consequences<\/strong>.<\/p><p>It was thought this would trigger an immediate and fatal arrhythmia: ventricular fibrillation.<\/p><p>This fear came largely from experiments in animals, where direct injection into a coronary artery did cause severe arrhythmias.<br \/>From this, physicians concluded \u2014 without ever confirming it in humans \u2014 that no person would survive such an injection.<\/p><p>As a result:<\/p><p>\u27a1\ufe0f doctors strictly avoided the coronary arteries,<br \/>\u27a1\ufe0f they were considered completely <strong>off-limits<\/strong>,<br \/>\u27a1\ufe0f and no one dared insert a catheter into them.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7744ce1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7744ce1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a07eaf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a07eaf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/minute-arrete-300x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-14107\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/minute-arrete-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/minute-arrete-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/minute-arrete-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/minute-arrete-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/minute-arrete.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-901e872 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"901e872\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77e933a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"77e933a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-586ec77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"586ec77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A First Step: Seeing the Coronary Arteries Indirectly<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70f17e1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"70f17e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdca873 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bdca873\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f57ece7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f57ece7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In 1958, radiologist <strong>Charles Dotter<\/strong> developed a way to visualize the coronary arteries\u2026 without ever touching them.<br \/>He placed a small catheter with a balloon at its tip at the very beginning of the aorta.<br \/>By inflating the balloon, he could inject contrast dye <strong>only into the aortic root<\/strong>, the point where the coronary arteries originate.<\/p><p>And then, a small miracle:<\/p><p>\u27a1\ufe0f no one died,<br \/>\u27a1\ufe0f and the openings of the coronary arteries became visible.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd08616 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fd08616\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf72bd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bf72bd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dotter-Charles-200x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-15493\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dotter-Charles-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Dotter-Charles.jpg 420w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4618f55 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4618f55\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b88a81a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b88a81a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-234e518 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"234e518\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In doing so, he demonstrated that simply allowing <strong>contrast dye to flow into the coronaries<\/strong> from the aorta caused <strong>no harmful consequences<\/strong>.<br \/>This was a turning point \u2014 the first crack in the myth that any opacification of the coronary arteries would be fatal.<\/p><p>Without knowing it, Dr. Dotter had just opened the door to true coronary angiography\u2026 a breakthrough that would occur a few months later, entirely by accident.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4673da3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4673da3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c12ff4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9c12ff4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19e5a78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"19e5a78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">An Accidental Discovery That Changes Everything<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84672e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"84672e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A few months later, at the Cleveland Clinic, cardiologist <strong>Mason Sones<\/strong> was performing a routine examination: an <strong>aortography<\/strong>, a procedure used to visualize the aorta, the largest artery in the human body.<br \/>This massive vascular \u201chighway\u201d begins directly at the exit of the heart and distributes blood to all other arteries.<\/p><p>His patient that day was <strong>Abner Darby<\/strong>, 47 years old.<br \/>The catheter was correctly positioned at the start of the aorta.<br \/>Sones asked his assistant, Dr. Royson Lewis, to trigger the injection of contrast.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ea463a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4ea463a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-738d78d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"738d78d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3225e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d3225e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>But due to the pressure produced by the automatic injector, the catheter shifted\u2026 and entered directly into the <strong>right coronary artery<\/strong>.<br \/>In one second, <strong>40 mL of contrast<\/strong> \u2014 an enormous volume for such a small artery \u2014 rushed into the coronary.<\/p><p>Both physicians turned pale.<br \/>According to everything believed at the time, the patient was expected to die on the table within seconds.<\/p><p>Sones shouted, <strong>\u201cStop! Stop!\u201d<\/strong>, tapped the patient\u2019s chest to stimulate a cardiac reflex, and braced for the inevitable.<\/p><p>But the inevitable\u2026 never came.<\/p><p>Mr. Darby experienced <strong>a marked but very brief slowing of his heart rate<\/strong>, then his heart gradually returned to a normal rhythm.<br \/>Just moments earlier, everyone feared the worst\u2026 yet the patient was very <strong>much alive<\/strong>.<\/p><p>In the lab, disbelief turned into astonishment.<br \/>What should have been a catastrophe became a <strong>historic revelation<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9151c26 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9151c26\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eaeab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0eaeab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/panique-peur-1024x614.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15494\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/panique-peur-1024x614.png 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/panique-peur-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/panique-peur-768x461.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/panique-peur.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ede69ec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ede69ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cbcd9c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2cbcd9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d58a8c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d58a8c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Birth of Selective Coronary Angiography<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19cc53c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"19cc53c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>After this event, Sones understood that it was possible to inject contrast <strong>directly<\/strong> into the coronary arteries safely.<br \/>He then developed the technique of <strong>selective coronary angiography<\/strong>:<\/p><p>\u27a1\ufe0f a specific injection into the left coronary artery,<br \/>\u27a1\ufe0f then into the right coronary artery.<\/p><p>For the first time, physicians could clearly see coronary blockages in living patients.<br \/>The principle used today is\u2026 exactly the same.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df305df e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"df305df\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1c66a4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c1c66a4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdf091a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cdf091a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Finally Understanding Coronary Artery Disease<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dedf23a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dedf23a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Before coronary angiography, coronary artery disease was poorly understood.<br \/>Its symptoms had been described as far back as the 1700s, but never directly observed.<br \/>It took another hundred years before pathologists identified blockages in the coronary arteries.<\/p><p>Beginning in the late 1950s, everything changed:<\/p><p>\u27a1\ufe0f doctors could finally <em>see<\/em> atherosclerotic plaques,<br \/>\u27a1\ufe0f assess their severity,<br \/>\u27a1\ufe0f and understand that they caused angina, heart attacks, and sudden death.<\/p><p>This discovery ushered in a new era of treatments: medications, surgery, and eventually angioplasty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e20b99 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8e20b99\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de35296 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de35296\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb223f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb223f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A New Challenge: Atherosclerotic Plaques<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65594ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65594ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When the first images of the coronary arteries appeared on radiology screens, it was a true revelation.<br \/>In vessels once assumed to be smooth and clean, physicians suddenly saw <strong>bumps, narrowings, and irregular shadows<\/strong> \u2014 atherosclerotic plaques formed by cholesterol accumulated over the years.<\/p><p>For the first time, the enemy was visible.<br \/>And what they discovered was unmistakable:<\/p><p>these plaques can <strong>strangle blood flow<\/strong> and lead to:<\/p><ul><li>angina,<\/li><li>heart attacks,<\/li><li>and sometimes sudden death.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>It was as if someone had finally turned on the lights in a room that had been dark for centuries.<\/p><p>Seeing what was hidden inside these arteries triggered an urgent search for solutions: how to prevent these deposits, how to stabilize them, how to remove them, or bypass them?<\/p><p>This discovery opened the door to a new era \u2014 one in which the goal was not only to <em>see<\/em> the disease\u2026 but <strong>to <em>treat<\/em><\/strong> it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0712d41 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0712d41\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a73728 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7a73728\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a9b2c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a9b2c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">And What Came Next for Dr. Sones<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecba8bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ecba8bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A true visionary, Dr. Mason Sones worked with engineers to design catheters better suited to this new technique.<br \/>However, his method used an approach through the <strong>brachial artery<\/strong> at the elbow crease, which was more complex.<\/p><p>Ironically, this pioneer of cardiology later died of lung cancer\u2026 with a cigarette in hand.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4264a3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4264a3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e266329 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e266329\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"286\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Mason-Sones.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-15495\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6ab71f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c6ab71f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6b3aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cb6b3aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fde631e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fde631e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Arrival of Dr. Melvin Judkins<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d69a87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d69a87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Radiologist <strong>Melvin Judkins<\/strong>, trained by Dotter and later sent to work with Sones, quickly realized that the technique could be simplified.<\/p><p>He noticed that, from one person to another, the origin of the right and left coronary arteries is always located in the same anatomical position.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39a09ee e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"39a09ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb50f5e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eb50f5e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d253ca0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d253ca0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>He therefore developed <strong>pre-shaped catheters<\/strong>, advanced through the <strong>femoral artery<\/strong>, that were much easier to manipulate.<\/p><p>Thus, the <strong>Judkins catheters<\/strong> were born.<br \/>They made coronary angiography simpler, faster, and safer.<\/p><p>Even today, these left and right Judkins catheters are the ones used daily in cardiac catheterization laboratories around the world.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc74aea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bc74aea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb21250 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eb21250\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coro-cath-mod-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8431\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coro-cath-mod-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coro-cath-mod-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coro-cath-mod-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/coro-cath-mod.png 1334w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b150cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1b150cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f6dd79 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f6dd79\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac3adb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac3adb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Read more:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/coronarography\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">C<em>oronarography<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40aa73b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"40aa73b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-788000f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"788000f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9759d68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9759d68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"462\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/coro-image2-1024x591.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9464\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/coro-image2-1024x591.png 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/coro-image2-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/coro-image2-768x443.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/coro-image2.png 1299w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c59d2a6\" data-id=\"c59d2a6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ec5735 elementor-search-form--skin-classic elementor-search-form--button-type-icon elementor-search-form--icon-search elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6511 elementor-global-3416 elementor-widget-search-form\" data-id=\"5ec5735\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;skin&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"search-form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<search role=\"search\">\n\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-search-form\" action=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/\" method=\"get\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-search-form__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"elementor-screen-only\" for=\"elementor-search-form-5ec5735\">Search<\/label>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<input id=\"elementor-search-form-5ec5735\" placeholder=\"Search...\" class=\"elementor-search-form__input\" type=\"search\" name=\"s\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type='hidden' name='lang' value='en' \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-search-form__submit\" type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"Search\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-font-icon-svg-container\"><svg class=\"fa fa-search e-font-icon-svg e-fas-search\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t<\/search>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-515dff8d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"515dff8d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-72235494\" data-id=\"72235494\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81fce3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6517 elementor-global-3406 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"81fce3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Share this article<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12eded0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"12eded0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-199f7ba uael-share-buttons--view-text elementor-share-buttons--align-center uael-stylex-inline elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6519 elementor-global-3396 elementor-widget-uael-social-share\" data-id=\"199f7ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;alignment&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:15,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0.75,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;em&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;column_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;column_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_size_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;em&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;button_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;em&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:2,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;border_size_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"uael-social-share.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"uael-style-inline uael-container uael-floating-align-\" data-pin_data_url=\"\" data-share_url_type=\"current_page\" data-share_url=\"\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid uael-floating-align-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFacebook\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTwitter\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLinkedin\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-whatsapp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhatsapp\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-email\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a  class=\"uael-share-btn-print\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn elementor-animation-pulse uaelbtn-shape-circle uaelbtn--skin-boxed\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-share-btn__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-share-btn__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPrint\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a28e6b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a28e6b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-44961b4\" data-id=\"44961b4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4c1be8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6513 elementor-global-3413 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a4c1be8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related articles<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8720d47 elementor-grid-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-left elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6521 elementor-global-3422 elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"8720d47\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-8145 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-coronary-heart-diseases category-general-en category-valvular-cardiovascular-diseases tag-article-mis-de-lavant-en tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/about-coronary-stents\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/coeur-metal-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-8146\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/coeur-metal-300x200.jpg 300w, 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sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/healthy-habits-for-a-healthy-heart-balanced-diet-and-alcohol-consumption\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tHealthy Habits for a Healthy Heart &#8211; Balanced Diet and Alcohol Consumption\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t12\/06\/2024\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/healthy-habits-for-a-healthy-heart-balanced-diet-and-alcohol-consumption\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Healthy Habits for a Healthy Heart &#8211; Balanced Diet and Alcohol Consumption\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-9118 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-general category-general-en category-prevention category-prevention-en tag-article-mis-de-lavant\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/returning-to-physical-activity\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/coeur-hockey-300x168.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-9119\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/coeur-hockey-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/coeur-hockey-1024x574.png 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/coeur-hockey-768x430.png 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/coeur-hockey.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/returning-to-physical-activity\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tReturning to Physical Activity\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t25\/09\/2024\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/returning-to-physical-activity\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Returning to Physical Activity\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-246972f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"246972f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-94a8515\" data-id=\"94a8515\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43a10fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-6515 elementor-global-3410 elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"43a10fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title 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data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-17061 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-valvular-cardiovascular-diseases tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/the-heart-team\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/coeur-heart-team-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-17062\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/coeur-heart-team-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/coeur-heart-team-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/coeur-heart-team-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/coeur-heart-team-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/coeur-heart-team-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/the-heart-team\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tThe Heart Team\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t05\/04\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/the-heart-team\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about The Heart Team\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-17024 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-food tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/mustard-salmon-escalope\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-17025\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Saumon-a-la-moutarde-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/mustard-salmon-escalope\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tMustard Salmon Escalope\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t26\/03\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/mustard-salmon-escalope\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Mustard Salmon Escalope\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16985 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-history-of-cardiology tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-17-development-of-coronary-artery-bypass-surgery\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16986\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-histoire-17-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-17-development-of-coronary-artery-bypass-surgery\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tEpisode 17 &#8211; Development of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t24\/03\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/episode-17-development-of-coronary-artery-bypass-surgery\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Episode 17 &#8211; Development of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16944 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-congenital-diseases tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/atrial-septal-defect-asd\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-300x169.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16945\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-1536x865.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/coeur-trou-cia-2048x1154.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/atrial-septal-defect-asd\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tAtrial Septal Defect (ASD)\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t23\/03\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/atrial-septal-defect-asd\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16702 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-maladies-valvulaires-cardiovasculaires tag-articles-mis-de-lavant\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/cardiac-myxoma\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-300x199.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16703\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-bille.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/cardiac-myxoma\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tCardiac myxoma\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t25\/02\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/cardiac-myxoma\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Cardiac myxoma\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-16650 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-arrhythmia category-valvular-cardiovascular-diseases tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/commotio-cordis\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-300x200.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-16651\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/icardio.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/coeur-vague.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/commotio-cordis\/\" >\n\t\t\t\tCommotio Cordis\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t24\/02\/2026\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/commotio-cordis\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Commotio Cordis\" tabindex=\"-1\" >\n\t\t\tRead more \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Coronary angiography uses contrast dye and X-rays to visualize the heart\u2019s arteries and detect blockages. Introduced in the late 1950s, it transformed the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15492,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-15491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-of-cardiology","tag-articles-mis-de-lavant-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15491"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15516,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15491\/revisions\/15516"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icardio.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}